Ir Sensor Module for Obstacle Detection Line Following Robot

The IR Sensor Module or infrared (IR) sensor is a basic and most popular sensor in electronics. It is used in wireless technology like remote controlling functions and detection of surrounding objects/ obstacles. IR sensors mainly consist of an Infrared(IR) LED and a Photodiode, this pair is generally called IR pair. An IR LED is a special purpose LED, it is can emitting infrared rays ranging from 700 nm to 1 mm wavelength. These types of rays are invisible to our eyes. In contrast, a photodiode or IR Receiver LED detects the infrared rays.

The operational procedure of an active IR sensor module involves the following steps:

1. The sensor emits a focused beam of infrared radiation, achieved through a lens or other optics.
2. The emitted beam of infrared radiation impinges upon the object under detection, resulting in the reflection of a portion of the radiation back to the sensor.
3. The sensor detects the reflected radiation, generating a small electrical current.
4. The sensor’s signal processing circuit amplifies the electrical current and converts it into a format interpretable by a computer or other device.
5. The sensor determines the distance to the object or the object’s presence by analyzing the strength of the reflected signal.